(一) 定语、主语、宾语的后置

  1. 定语后置：定语本题超过1个词时需要放在所修饰的名词之后，避免喧宾夺主。
    The man in the stage is Monkey.
    The man surrounded by students is Monkey.
    The man who is surrounded by students is Monkey.

  2. 主语后置：it做形式主语—-避免头重脚轻，使语句结构更易识别
    That he came to party was a surprise.
    → It was a surprise that he came to party.(原主语是句子→ It is…that)

    Giving up smoking is difficult for him.（原主语是非谓语结构→It is …to do）
    → It is difficult for him to give up smoking.

    That a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife is a truth universally acknowledged.
    → It is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife.

  3. 宾语后置
    ① it 做形式宾语—-突出“主谓宾补”、“主谓双宾”句型的主干结构
    We consider that we sleep eight hours a day desirable.
    → We consider it desirable that we sleep eight hours a day.
    → We consider it desirable to sleep eight hours a day.

    I find managing English grammar difficult.
    → I find it difficult to manage English grammar.

    I think that studying eight hours a day is too much.
    → I think (that) it is too much to study eight hour.

    He makes learning English well his goal.
    → He makes it his goal to learn English well.
    ② 谓语+长宾语+补语结构后置 → 谓语+补语+宾语（难）
    We often define what earlier generation considered as weakness of will as addictions.
    → We often define as addictions what earlier generation considered as weakness of will.

    The revolution made the recruitment of female sex into public industry possible.
    → The revolution made possible the recruitment of female sex into public industry.

(二) 强调语气

  1. It is/was… that… 句型强调主语、宾语、状语
    强调公式：It is/was + 被强调部分 + that + 原句其他部分

    He met Monkey yesterday.
    强调主语：It was he that met Monkey yesterday.
    强调宾语：It was Monkey that he met yesterday.
    强调状语：It was yesterday that he met Monkey.

    造句：直到昨天他才遇到Monkey(not…until)

            He didn't meet Monkey until yesterday.
        →It was not until yesterday that he met Monkey.

    强调句的本质：重要内容优先说明！众星捧月！

  2. do，did，does 强调谓语（仅限现在时和过去时）
    将所强调的谓语动词原型分离，并添加do，did，does 承接其时态与单三特征
    如：take → do take takes → does take took → did take

    Remember to close the window.
    → Do remember to close the window.

    He goes to his company on foot.
    → He does go to his company on foot.

    I finished my homework.
    → I did finish my homework.

  3. so that，too to，such that 强调程度

    ① so…that…强调形容词、副词的程度

    ​ She is so beautiful that Tom cannot take his eyes off her.
    ​ She walks so gracefully that Tom cannot take his off her.

    ② too…to… 强调性形容词、副词的程度+引向否定性结果

    ​ She is so beautiful that she must be an angle.
    ​ → She is too beautiful to be a human/mortal.

    ​ She walks so slowly that she cannot arrive there in time.
    ​ → She walks too slowly to arrive there in time.
    ③ such…that…强调名词的程度

    ​ His arms are so long that he could almost touch his feet.
    ​ → He has such long arms that he could almost touch his feet.

    ​ He is so clever that he finished the exam in only 30 minutes.
    ​ → He is such a genius that he finished the exam in only 30 minutes.

(三) 倒装

​ 存在即合理，无需刻意还原语序！
​ Here is a ticket for you.
​ Now comes your turn.
​ Here he comes.

​ Only yesterday did he find out that his watch was missing.
​ Not until I saw the score did I realize that I choose the wrong teacher.
​ So small was the mark that I could hardly see it.
​ So quickly did the workmen finish their work that they were given a bonus.

(四) 插入语

​ 情景特点：节外生枝，心血来潮。识别特征：双逗号包夹

  1. 不稳反语法规则的插入语

    做同位语：Steve Jobs, CEO of Apple, was rich.
    做定语：Steve Jobs , who was the CEO of Apple, was rich.
    做状语：Bill Gates, in my view, is a great man.

  2. 违反语法规则的插入语—-做（主）谓
    Bill Gates, she said, is a great man.
    Monkey, believe it or not, is a human.